Juliana GJINKO
University of Tirana, Albania
| Abstract: | The mass emigration of 1991, the mass migration following the 1997 financial crisis, and the migrant surge during the Kosovo conflict in 1999 were the three main waves of Albanian migration to Italy. In addition to the initial surprise and lack of preparation on the side of the Italian people and governmental bodies, each of these waves was marked by incredibly challenging initial conditions. The Albanian immigrants’ integration process is today viewed as a largely successful narrative. What were the primary causes of the comparatively quick integration following such a dramatic beginning? Young age, medium educational attainment, big family size, lack of religious affiliation, and comparatively high level of familiarity with Italian language and popular culture are characteristics that identify Albanian immigrants. Also, the Italian government has taken significant steps towards integration, including legalizing undocumented immigrants and reaching agreements with their Albanian counterparts on the repatriation of Albanian individuals convicted of crimes.
The primary issues and patterns that have surfaced during three decades of migrant flows are examined in this article. Particularly, it emphasizes integration into the workforce and culture, and how the media depicts and influences the relationship between migrants and the host country. Integration data have been examined in the context of Italian political and social dynamics. A few integration factors have also been studied, with a focus on the demographics of migrants and refugees during the main migratory waves. It may be possible to determine the least stressful and most successful cohabitation techniques throughout Europe’s difficult and ongoing migrant waves by looking at these integrating components. |
| Keywords: | Migratory flows; challenges; integration; workforce; education |
| Contact details of the authors: |
E-mail: juliana.marko@unitir.edu.al |
| Institutional affiliation of the authors: | University of Tirana, Albania
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| Institutions address: | Rr. Elbasanit, Tiranë, Tel.: +3554 22369987E -mail: fhf@fhf.edu.al Website: fhf.edu.al |